Approach to Care of Cancer free essay sample

Malignant growth is viewed as the subsequent driving reason for death in the United States coming about in about 25% of passings (Copstead, Banasik, 2010). The term malignancy includes a group of more than one hundred ailments. Despite the fact that there are different sorts of disease, all tumors start because of anomalous cells development. The normal quality of a dangerous cell is that they develop wild and attack other tissue through the circulatory system or lymph vessels. On the off chance that untreated, diseases can bring about genuine entanglements and demise (American malignancy Society (ACS), 2012). In spite of the fact that the reason for different malignant growths stays obscure, still there are a few referred to causes, for example, hereditary variables; way of life factors, for example, smoking, liquor use, diet, and physical action; specific kinds of diseases for instance, HPV and HIV; and ecological exposures to various sorts of synthetic compounds and radiation (ACS, 2014). It is anticipated by ACS (2012) that 1/2 all things considered and 1/3 of all ladies in the United States will create malignant growth in the course of their life. We will compose a custom article test on Way to deal with Care of Cancer or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The danger of numerous malignant growths could be limited by way of life change and screening. This paper will talk about the analysis and organizing of malignancy, three difficulties of the infection, reactions of treatment, and techniques to limit physical and mental impacts of disease medicines. Finding There is anything but a solitary test to affirm the conclusion of malignancy; it requires arrangement of various test to affirm the determination. It as a rule starts with getting itemized history and leading physical assessment. The patient side effects vary contingent upon the sort and degree of the sickness. Limited side effects of malignant growth identify with the essential site of the illness. The seven admonition indications of malignant growth remembers change for gut or bladder propensities, an irritated that doesn't recuperate, uncommon draining or release, thickening or knot in a zone of the body, heartburn or trouble in gulping, evident change in mole or mole, and pestering hack or raspiness (Copstead, Banasik, 2010). Nearness of any of these signs, alongside nitty gritty history, won't affirm the conclusion yet alert the specialist to begin a total malignant growth work up. The stir up will incorporate imaging studies to distinguish area, size, and additionally metastasis. The imaging studies may incorporate x-beams, figured tomography (CT) filters, attractive reverberation imaging (MRI) sweeps, and positron discharge tomography (PET) checks (National Cancer Institute, 2014). Lab test may incorporate investigations of blood, pee and other organic liquids. It might likewise incorporate tests for different tumor markers, which might be raised because of essence of disease (National Cancer Institute, 2014). For instance, raised prostate-explicit antigen (PSA) may show prostate disease, and raised alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) may demonstrate liver malignant growth (Stanford Medicine, 2014). Every one of these tests may recommend nearness of malignancy yet to set up a complete determination and appropriately characterize the sickness biopsy is basic. A malignant growth analysis is generally affirmed by getting cell or tissue test for pathology concentrate through biopsy. There are different strategies for tissue expulsion for assessment. For instance, fine needle biopsy (fine needle goal), center needle biopsy (center biopsy), excisional or incisional biopsy, endoscopic biopsy, and skin biopsies (ACS, 2013). Regardless of the strategy, the objective of the infinitesimal assessment is to affirm the conclusion of malignant growth. The pathologist could normally review and show the sort of malignancy by minuscule assessment with routine handling and recoloring however now and again extra tests are required. For instance, immunohistochemical (IHC) or immunoperoxidase stains, electron microscopy, stream cytometry, picture cytometry, cytogenetics, and Polymerase chain response (PCR) (ACS, 2013). Organizing Grading and arranging in disease is use to foresee the anticipation of a threatening tumor and to design treatment modalities. Reviewing signifies to the histologic characterization of tumor cells and decides the level of anaplasia. Regularly evaluating frameworks order tumors in 3-4 classifications of expanding degrees of harm. Treatment is for the most part dictated by the organizing of the tumor. Organizing characterizes the site and spread of a tumor in an individual patient. Organizing considers the tumor size, degree of nearby development, lymph hub and organ contribution, and nearness of far off metastases. There are distinctive arranging frameworks being used; in any case, the worldwide TNM organizing framework is most broadly utilized framework for disease organizing (Copstead, Banasik, 2010). â€Å"T† speaks to the primary tumor, â€Å"N† demonstrates lymph hub association, and â€Å"M† identifies with metastasis. A numeric worth is place close to each letter to determine the size and degree of the tumor and the level of metastasis. For instance, Tx implies tumor isn't quantifiable, T0 shows no essential tumor discovered, Tis connotes carcinoma in situ (present however not spread), and T1-4 demonstrates the size and degree of the essential tumor. When alluding to lymph hubs Nx implies provincial lymph hubs couldn't be assessed, N0 means that no lymph hub inclusion present, and N1-3 shows the level of lymph hub association. When organizing metastasis Mx implies removed metastasis can't be assessed, M0 means that there is no far off metastasis, and M1 demonstrates that far off metastasis is available (National Cancer Institute, 2014). Albeit, most sorts of malignant growth utilizes TNM appraisal framework to arrange the force of the disease, specific organizing rules may change with tumors in various organ framework, for example, bosom disease (Copstead, Banasik, 2010). The results of the arranging procedure will oversee the decision of malignancy treatment. The medical procedure, radiation treatment, or chemotherapy might be utilized, independently or in blend to devastate the malignancy cells. Restricted nearby tumors might be treated with medical procedure and radiation treatment; anyway sign of metastasis would require incorporation of chemotherapy in the treatment routine (Copstead, Banasik, 2010). Intricacies Complications coming about because of this dangerous ailment are as assorted as the various kinds of malignancy itself. The seriousness may change from individual to individual contingent upon the patients’ wellbeing status, phase of malignant growth and region or organ influenced. The confusions could be partitioned in two general classifications, for example, physical and mental complexities. Physical Complications Among different physical complexities torment is the most dreaded confusion of the malady procedure. The component of torment could relate legitimately to the malady itself or by implication because of the treatment and strategies. Malignant growth agony may emerge because of direct weight, hindrance, intrusion of metastatic cells into organs or bone, tissue obliteration, and aggravation (Copstead, Banasik, 2010). The treatment and techniques, for example, biopsies and intravenous treatment may turn into extra contributing variables for torment (Copstead, Banasik, 2010). Giving sufficient torment the executives and backing for related side effects is a fundamental duty of the human services group. Agony the executives should be individualized dependent on patient’s torment observation and reaction. Patients ought to be urged to report torment, and yet the human services proficient should be aware of social and social ramifications as for torment discernment. Torment managementâ includes organization of analgesics varying or on booked premise, giving choices to tolerant controlled absense of pain, non-pharmacological intercessions, for example, reflection, and overseeing exercises to limit torment (Copstead, Banasik, 2010). Another inconvenience of disease is bone marrow concealment which prompts sickliness, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. The reason for bone marrow concealment could be attack and pulverization of blood-framing cells in the bone marrow, poor nourishment, and chemotherapeutic medications (Copstead, Banasik, 2010). Pallor indicates to insufficient flowing red platelets. The signs and side effects showed by a patient may incorporate weakness, tachycardia, and tachypnea because of diminished oxygen-conveying limit. Leukopenia alludes to decrease in white platelets available for use. This risks a patient’s ability to battle diseases, along these lines turning into a main consideration for poor visualization. The patient may exhibit signs and side effects of disease, for example, fever, chills, hack, or loose bowels. Thrombocytopenia implies a shortfall in circling platelets, which could prompt lethal draining. The patient could show signs and side effects of draining, for example, wounds, hematuria, and so forth. These issues are overseen by organization of blood items. In chose circumstances, development factors, for example, erythropoietin (Epogen) or granulocyte-invigorating components (Neupogen), are additionally regulated to improve the creation of red and white platelets (Copstead, Banasik, 2010). Symptoms of Treatment Surgery is the principal alternative for patients with strong, limited tumors. Notwithstanding giving examples to biopsy, it could be healing if the malignant growth is distinguished at a beginning period. In high hazard populace, it is likewise utilized as a protection intercession. Careful mediation contains potential dangers identified with organization of sedation, danger of disease, and blood misfortune. Furthermore, it might cause deformation or cause loss of capacity prompting physical and mental issues (Copstead, Banasik, 2010). Contingent upon the issue, patients could be offered pharmacological help if there should arise an occurrence of agony and disease and guiding for mental concerns. For anticipation of contamination appropriate injury the executives is essential. Moreover arrangement ofâ prosthesis, wigs and other such supplies could assist persistent with adapting issues of changed mental self portrait. Chemotherapy involves sy

Running Head HOUSING; RECREATIONAL AREAS AND BATH Essays

Running Head: HOUSING; RECREATIONAL AREAS AND BATHING FACILITIES; Fiasco SANITATION TUI UNIVERSITY Timothy N. Tarrant Module 4: BHE 314 Ecological Health and Safety Dr. Rania Sabty-Daily 20 August 2008 Dynamic The main reason for this paper is to explore issues at a nearby high rise. There is toxic paint stripping from the dividers and shape developing on the dividers. This paper will sum up the wellbeing risks related with lead and form, and portray what might be done to control these two general wellbeing perils. The second motivation behind this is to decide how to ensure the strength of neighborhood swimmers at a recreational pool. I will examine two techniques that have been utilized to treat swimming pool water, ozonation and chlorination. At that point I will distinguish the technique that would give the best assurance to swimmers and the general's wellbeing. Lodging AND HABITABILITY As indicated by the Office of Lead-Based Paint Abatement and Poisoning Counteraction, Youth lead harming is the most widely recognized ecological ailment of small kids. (EPA, 1996) Lead salts were added to paints as shading operators and stabilizers during the Industrial Revolution. This toxic paint was utilized to paint both outside and inside surfaces of condos, homes and structures worked before 1978. Hence, the government has since prohibited toxic paint from lodging in 1978. (HUD, 2007) Lead harming is brought about by ingestion of lead from paint, soil, family unit dust, and even by drinking tainted water. Lead paint that has decayed will blend in with soil, is followed into homes and becomes blended in with family unit dust. Kids are regularly harmed through the ingestion of paint chips or playing in polluted soil. Toxic paint can reemerge and represent a risk when paint surfaces break, scale, strip and chip or become free. Lead harming can cause cerebrum, kidney, and apprehensive framework harm. The impacts on the focal sensory system are for the most part irreversible and incorporate mental hindrance, conduct issues, and language deficiencies. Indications of lead harming are fluctuated and subject to the age of the uncovered individual and term of introduction yet incorporate pallor, stomach torment, fractiousness, slurred discourse, torpidity, seizures, unconsciousness, furthermore, even passing. There are some straightforward things that you can do to secure your family from introduction to lead. The most significant is essential cleanliness and neatness. Wipe off soil from shoes before strolling into a house, mop filthy or dusty regions in the house and keep youngster play territories clean. Kids ought to likewise shield from setting fingers or toys in their mouths. Hand cleanliness is likewise significant. Kids should wash their hands prior to eating or hitting the hay. This will constrain inadvertent introduction through ingestion. Whenever painted surfaces inside the house are decaying, at that point fixing such zones will briefly decrease the risks. To for all time evacuate the painted lead perils, somebody that is ensured in lead decrease ought to be employed. Ensured laborers have particular preparing to appropriately and securely evacuate the paint and tidy up remaining residue. (HUD, 2007) Another family danger present in numerous American homes is form. Worries as of late have been raised on account of the causal connection among shape and sensitivities, asthma, and introduction to form delivering poisons. As indicated by a 1999 May Clinic Study, about all interminable sinus diseases tormenting 37 million Americans are a consequence of molds. (Mann, 2002) Mold can develop on dividers, roofs, floor coverings, furniture what's more, other family unit surfaces. Shape spores can cause genuine wellbeing issues yet form doesn't influence everybody in a similar way. Typhoon Katrina made an enormous form issue inside the United States. One of the most exceedingly terrible impacts of water harm comes as form. Following a tropical storm or extreme floods, shape may create, causing genuine wellbeing issues. The state and the U.S. Branch of Homeland Security's Federal Crisis Management Agency (FEMA) are attempting to illuminate the general population as to the wellbeing risks related with shape, what should be possible to limit form, furthermore, what ways can be powerful in tidying up form. (FEMA, 2005) Mold is regularly found in regions that have a generally high stickiness and can frequently be discovered just by the moist smelly smell that is delivered. Controlling family unit dampness is fundamental to control shape. Likewise, direct daylight forestalls the development of shape. Appropriate ventilation and the utilization of a dehumidifier will forestall and dispose of form. The most ideal approach to evacuate shape development from hard surfaces is to utilize business items, cleanser and water, or a sanitizer arrangement. POOLS Ensuring individuals at recreational pools is not kidding business. As indicated by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, between

How to Write an Amazing Persuasive Essay

How to Write an Amazing Persuasive Essay (0) The entire point of a persuasive essay is to persuade or convince the reader to agree with your perspective on the topic. In this type of essay, you’re not limited to facts. It’s completely acceptable to include your opinions and back them up with facts, where necessary. Tricks for Writing a Persuasive Essay In this type of writing, you’ll find it is particularly helpful to focus on the emotional side of things. Make your reader feel what you feel and bring them into your way of thinking. There are a few ways to do that. Be Assertive A persuasive essay doesn’t have to be gentle in how it presents your opinion. You really want people to agree with you, so focus on making that happen, even if it means pushing the envelope a little. You’ll tend to get higher grades for this, because the essay is more likely to convince the reader to agree. Consider using an Persuasive Essay Template to understand the key elements of the essay. Use Words that Evoke Emotion It’s easier to get people to see things your way when they feel an emotional connection. As you describe your topic, make sure to incorporate words that cause people to feel an emotion. For example, instead of saying, “children are taken from their parents” you might say, “children are torn from the loving arms of their parents, kicking and screaming.” Dramatic? Yes, but it gets the point across and helps your reader experience the Make it Personal   By using first person, you make the reader feel like they know you. Talking about the reader in second person can help them feel included and begin to imagine themselves in your shoes. Telling someone “many people are affected by this” and telling them “you are affected by this every day” will have very different results. While each of these tips can help improve your essay, there’s no rule that you have to actually persuade for your own point of view. If you feel the essay would be more interesting if you take the opposite stance, why not write it that way? This will require more research and thinking, but you could end up with a very unique essay that will catch the teacher’s eye. Topic Section Hints A persuasive essay requires a topic that has multiple points of view. In most cases, topics like the moon being made of rock would be difficult to argue, since this is a solid fact. This means you’ll need to choose something that has more than one reasonable opinion related to it. A good topic for a persuasive essay would be something that you could persuade for or against. Some examples include: Should children be required to use booster seats until age 12? Should schools allow the sale of sugary desserts and candy? Should marijuana use be legal? Should high school students be confined to school grounds during school hours? Should GMO food be labeled by law? Should police be required to undergo sensitivity training? Should the United States withdraw troops from overseas? Some topics are more controversial than others, but any of these could be argued from either point of view . . . some even allow for multiple points of view. As you write your persuasive essay, remember that your goal is to get the reader to nod their head and agree with you. Each section of the essay should bring you closer to this goal. If you write the essay with this in mind, you’ll end up with a paper that will receive high grades. Finally, if you’re ever facing writer’s block for your college paper, consider WriteWell’s template gallery to help you get started. Painlessly create citations for your paper in MLA format, APA format, Chicago, and other styles using EasyBib citation tools!

Xiaotingia - Facts and Figures

Name: Xiaotingia; pronounced zhow-TIN-gee-ah Habitat: Woodlands of Asia Historical Period: Late Jurassic (155 million years ago) Size and Weight: About two feet long and five pounds Diet: Insects Distinguishing Characteristics: Small size; long tail; primitive feathers About Xiaotingia In order to understand the importance of Xiaotingia, you need a short lesson about a much more famous animal, Archaeopteryx. When the exquisitely preserved fossils of Archaeopteryx were discovered in Germanys Solnhofen fossil beds in the mid-19th century, naturalists identified this flying, feathered creature as the first true bird, the key missing link in avian evolution. Thats the image that has persisted ever since in the popular imagination, even though better-informed paleontologists now know that Archaeopteryx possessed a weird mix of bird-like and dinosaur-like characteristics, and probably should have been classified as a feathered dinosaur (rather than a primitive bird) all along. So what does all of this have to do with Xiaotingia? Well, this very Archaeopteryx-like critter, discovered in Chinas Liaoning fossil beds, predated its more prominent cousin by five million years, living about 155 rather than 150 million years ago. More important, the research team that examined Xiaotingia identified it right off the bat as a small maniraptoran theropod that shared important features in common with raptor dinosaurs like Microraptor and Velociraptor, rather than a prehistoric bird--the implication being that if Xiaotingia wasnt a true bird, then neither was Archaeopteryx, which was only recently descended from it. This has caused a large amount of consternation in the Archaeopteryx was a bird camp, but hasnt impressed those more dubious paleontologists who doubted Archaeopteryxs credentials in the first place!

The Failure Of Communism And Communism - 965 Words

Joel Boyd S.A. Middleton HIST-130.10 22 April 2015 1. Discuss the seeming failure of communism and other forms of socialism and the apparent triumph of capitalism in the 1990s, as well as considering capitalism’s possible benefits and debits in the early twenty-first century. Capitalism and Communism have both been put forth as the best models for modern enlightened societies. Each philosophy contains both desirable and undesirable elements within its framework. Communism is based on a firm belief that fiscal and social equality is the path to an ideal utopian society. Capitalism is based on the principle of individuality, and the exercise of individual rights, freedom, and the liberty to pursue advancement in a competitive free market. Each has shown its strengths and weaknesses. Over the course of time however only one has emerged successfully in the early 21st century, though not without its own egregious faults. Communism has its roots in the philosophy of Marx and Engels. In their â€Å"Communist Manifesto† published in 1848, they laid out the principles of communist society. In Communist society, no private ownership of property is allowed. Property should be shared among the people and likewise the economy. Through economic and social equality, the hope was that individuals would work for the common good of society, and leave the desire for advancement, power and authority behind. Ideal systems do not exist in nature. That statement stands alone as a pillarShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Failure of Communism1655 Words   |  7 PagesThe failure of communism Communist had a long history during the 20th century, and communism was very influential. Almost all of Asia and East Europe became Communist. From the start of the theory then many civil wars in Russia affected the whole world. 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The first official communist state was founded during the Russian revolutions in 1917, due to the inaugural communist political party ‘Bolsheviks’ gaining primal power. Afterwards, the influence of communism spread to other countries with the likes of Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia and East Germany to name a few. These countries that were governed on communistRead MoreThe Theorist I Chose For My Review1457 Words   |  6 Pagesgaining a better understanding of civilization by studying the way that slavery, lord and serf relations, and guild-masters operated at functioned in society. By studying these ancient systems of society Marx was able to create a perfect system, communism, which in theory would create an equal and fair community with no hierarchy. Marx talks about society broken into two classes, the wage-workers and the elite property owners. Because of the majority to minority ratio there is a high chance for rebellion

Juvenile Offender’s Right to a Jury Trial Free Essays

This paper intends to answer the following questions: 1) Should juvenile offenders have a constitutional right to a jury trial? and 2) Should each state make that determination? The legal decision (Amendment 6 and 14th) which addressed the issue will be briefly discussed as well as part of the answers to the aforementioned questions. Should juvenile offenders have a constitutional right to a jury trial? Yes, juvenile offenders should be given a right to a jury trial (FindLaw, 2008, n. p. We will write a custom essay sample on Juvenile Offender’s Right to a Jury Trial or any similar topic only for you Order Now ). Doing otherwise will be considered unlawful since this is a violation of â€Å"the Sixth Amendment† which covers the â€Å"Rights of Accused in Criminal Prosecutions† (FindLaw, 2008, n. p. ). The â€Å"Sixth Amendment† holds that an individual who undergoes criminal trial should be given a right to â€Å"an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed† (FindLaw, 2008, n. p. ). In addition to that, juvenile offenders should be given a right to a jury trial because anybody who deprives them of this violates the â€Å"Fourteenth Amendment† which involves the â€Å"Rights Guaranteed Privileges and Immunities of Citizenship, Due Process and Equal Protection† (FindLaw, 2008, n. p. ). Explaining further a jury trial is part of what is technically referred to as â€Å"due process† (FindLaw, 2008, n. p. ). Also, â€Å"equal protection† is provided if a â€Å"jury trial† is given to the juvenile offender (FindLaw, 2008, n. . ). Should each state make that determination? There is really no need for each state to make such a decision because this is already covered the â€Å"Fourteenth Amendment† which involves the â€Å"Rights Guaranteed Privileges and Immunities of Citizenship, Due Process and Equal Protection† (FindLaw, 2008, n. p. ). Here, it is clearly stated that â€Å"No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privilege or immunities of citizens of the US† (FindLaw, 2008, n. . ). This means that people are protected by the constitution and even their States cannot do anything to take this right away from them (FindLaw, 2008, n. p. ). The same is true with â€Å"a right to jury trial†, it is not necessary that each State determines what their law will be about this since whether States make a move or not, citizens are still protected by the constitution (FindLaw, 2008, n. p. ). References FindLaw. (2008). Sixth Amendment. Retrieved November 7, 2008 from  http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data/constitution/amendment06/ FindLaw. (2008). Fourteenth Amendment. Retrieved November 7, 2008 from  http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data/constitution/amendment14/ How to cite Juvenile Offender’s Right to a Jury Trial, Papers

WHO Active Ageing Model of Care

Question: Discuss about the WHO Active Ageing Model of Care. Answer: Introduction According to World Health Organization (WHO), active ageing is defined as the optimization of participation, health opportunities and security that is intended to enhance the quality of life when people age. It allows the people to realise their potential for physical, mental and social well-being throughout their life. Active ageing also encompasses their participation in the society and provide them with adequate security, protection and care that they need. Active ageing is aimed at extending the quality of life and healthy life expectancy for the people who age. The important tenants in the process of active ageing are intergenerational solidarityand interdependence. As the population age, they are at an increased risk for developing disease and so, there is an urgency to reduce the burden of chronic diseases. So, there is find it and fix it model called active ageing model of care that address the ageing population health needs (Beard Bloom, 2015). Therefore, in the WHO active ageing framework, the primary goal is the maintenance of autonomy and independence of active ageing and representation of older people in policy, legislation and society. The social capital is the formation of relationship networks among people who live and work to enable and make the society function effectively (Bulmer, 2015). According to Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), social capital is defined as formation of networks that have shared values, norms and understanding that facilitate co-operation among the formed groups (Helliwell, Huang Wang, 2014). The social capital has emerged as an area of great interest which makes a positive contribution to health outcomes in the diverse social concerns like community, health, education and safety. This concept has interested the social analysis, policy makers and researchers in the application of policy development and research in the health and social policy and programs. The embedding of community building, social capital and government approach into policy making helps to find solutions to the problems faced in the local issues. The social capital data can be implied to id entify a range of policy questions in the area of health and social policy making. It can be applied in the context of policy making in the allocation of resources, targeting and program evaluation and strategies. Social capital plays an important role in the shaping of community confidence and adaptability that can be efficiently applied in the building of social capital among the communities focusing on policy making. For example, in Australia, there is network building that is facilitated by Welink by Queensland University of Technology facilitating social capital in women empowerment. According to WHO, the active aging depends on a variety of determinants that encompasses individuals, their families and nations. This helps to design the policies and programs that would be effective in improving the quality of life and health of the older people. The WHO model of Active Ageing (2002) comprises of the six factors like heath, component, psychological, cognitive performance, biobehavioral component, social relationship and personality (Boudiny, 2013). The model of Active Ageing is based on three pillars like participation, security and health. The proposed model given by WHO focuses on the key aspects of active ageing; like autonomy, interdependence and quality of life of the older people. It is a broad concept that encompasses ones perceived ability to cope, control and make personal decisions about ones life, independence to perform ones daily activities and ones perception of position in life in context to value system and culture (Moulaert Biggs, 2013). As active ageing takes place, the quality of life of the older people is determined by their ability to maintain independence, autonomy and healthy life expectancy which is determined by how people can live without any disabilities. In the model of care, active aging is an outcome of the various physical and social determinants that helps to identify the people who are at more risk and those who are in favour of active ageing. The policy framework for active ageing is greatly guided by the United Nations Principles for Older People like participation, independence, self-fulfilment, care and dignity (Lassen Moreira, 2014). The policy making requires action in the priority areas of participation, health and security that are considered to be the three pillars for policy framework or determinants of active ageing. The older people are represented based on health like burden of disease, excess disabilities, premature mortality and risk factors associated with disease. The older people are at risk for chronic diseases and there is functional decline with low protective factors. They need care having equal access to healthcare services that addresses their needs and fulfil their rights. The older people are also presented in participation comprising of health, employment and education that support their full participation. Moreover, they require security in terms of physical, financial and mental security and r ights of the older people. They are also represented in a way where the older people face age discrimination and poor recognition of the diversity of the older people. Therefore, policy considerations are required that address the three pillars that act as determinants of active ageing and resents the older people. The WHO model of active ageing is an important approach to policy framework and program designing. It has laid a framework to address the key areas where the policy considerations are required. It has intended to inform discussion and formulations of action plan that promote active and healthy ageing. The model has conceptualised and rationalised the active ageing process emphasizing on the three key pillars that represent older people like health, security and participation (Oliver, Foot Humphries, 2014). Moreover, the model helps to understand the determinants of active ageing through evidence-based approach. It has explained how these determinants have influenced and affected the health and process of active ageing. The physical environment, behavioural and personal determinants, social and health services, economic and social determinants are the determinants of active ageing that influences the quality of life of the older people undergoing active ageing (Foster Walker, 2014). They have also showed that culture and gender are the cross-cutting determinants that influence the major determinants of active ageing and appropriateness of policy making affecting both old men and women. It also highlights the activity participation that is involved in the quality of life and active that explains participation referring to cultural, economic, social and civic affairs. According to Putnam et al., (2013) the active ageing is defined as an outcome of interest. The activity patterns are considered as intermediate outcome that leads to overall well-being or quality of life. According to Van Malderen, Mets Gorus, (2013) the unidirectional linearity is shown in the framework that acts as a limitation in the ageing model. Moreover, the active participation is a broad concept that encompasses all the activities what old people do. Although, many of the conceptualizations are being favoured by the WHO Active Ageing framework like older people are more or less active where there is documented activities grouped into Low Activity as well as High Activity group. The WHO Active Ageing framework also supports that activity is determined by broad range of factors starting from pers onal to environmental (Morrow-Howell et al., 2014). Arguably, the effect of the activity profiles captured by the wide range of activities has not been considered in this model. The study conducted by Abdullah Wolbring, (2013) shows that activity profiles affect the older age well-being and these are differentially related to the mental and physical outcomes. There is also a research gap in the activity engagement in the later life of the old people offering researchers a way to a more comprehensive study that how activities are related to healthy and active ageing. The way older people are represented in the WHO Active Ageing framework has a great impact on the health policy making and model of care. The challenges that the older people face regarding the double burden of disease, increased risk for disability, economics, participation, autonomy, independence and security pose a way to the policy framework that needs to address the challenges faced by the ageing population (Bauman et al., 2016). Moreover, the health policy response needs to address the three main determinants of active ageing like health, participation and security. The policy framework is greatly determined by the behavioural and environmental factors for chronic diseases, employment and education opportunities and security in terms of financial, social and physical security of the ageing population (Chan Liang, 2013). The representation of the older people in the WHO Active Ageing model of care also has an impact on addressing the needs and rights of the older people with an emphasis on age discrimination. The policy framework is also affected by the considerations of the older peoples dignity, protection and care where they are not able to support or care for themselves. The WHO Active Ageing model of care is the foundation for the policy framework that is intended to inform the discussion and action plans that are aimed at promoting active and healthy ageing. The policy framework is greatly determined by the determinants of active ageing having implications on the older people quality of life when they age. The three pillars like health, participation and security are the basis for policy approach. Moreover, the way in which the older people are represented greatly determines the policy making promoting wellness of the older people. 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